定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)
1. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)的時(shí)候
The people (who) we met at the party were very friendly to us.
2. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作介詞，而介詞在句尾時(shí)
Here is the man (that) you have been looking for.
3. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)
Shang Hai is no longer the city (that) it used to be.
4. 在there be句型中，和先行詞為way時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞總是省略
There is an old man (who ) wants to see you.
I don’t like the way (that) you talk to somebody else.
我們知道，關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，但也有幾種特殊情況，關(guān)系代詞不用作賓語(yǔ)也可以省略，同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)和使用時(shí)請(qǐng)注意。
在下列情況下,引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞可以省略。
一、that在定語(yǔ)從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。例如:
She is all (that) a teacher should be. 她具備一個(gè)老師應(yīng)該具備的所有條件。
二、that在從句中作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)。例如:
I'm not the fool(that) you thought me. 我不是你以前所認(rèn)為的那個(gè)傻子了。
He is the nicest teacher (that) the students consider him in their school. 他就是學(xué)生認(rèn)為學(xué)校中最好的那個(gè)老師。
三、作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的省略。
1. 當(dāng)先行詞是reason,且在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí),可以用關(guān)系副詞why或關(guān)系代詞that,也可以省略。例如:
The reason (why/that) he failed was his laziness. 他失敗的原因是因?yàn)樗麘卸琛?/p>
That is the reason I did it. 那就是我做那件事的原因。
2. 當(dāng)先行詞是way,且在定語(yǔ)從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)聯(lián)詞可用in which或that,也可以省略。例如:
The way(in which/ that) these comrades look at problems is wrong.這些同志看待問題的方式是錯(cuò)誤的。
That was the way(in which / that) she worked the problem out. 她就是用那種辦法解決問題的。
3. 當(dāng)先行詞是time時(shí),關(guān)聯(lián)詞可用when, that或省略。例如:
The second time (that) I saw him was in 2000. 我第二次見到他是在2000年。
I don't know the exact time (when/ that) the sports meeting will take place. 我不知道運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)舉辦的確切時(shí)間。
4.當(dāng)先行詞是place時(shí),關(guān)聯(lián)詞可用where,that或省略。例如:
The place(where/ that) we will have our picnic is not decided yet. 我們舉行野餐的地點(diǎn)還沒定下來。
This is the right place he was born.這兒就是他的.出生地。(注意:句末不可用介詞in)
同學(xué)們往往認(rèn)為關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)就一定可以省略,其實(shí)不然.在下列四種情況下,關(guān)系代詞雖作賓語(yǔ),卻不能省略。
一、在介詞+whom /which結(jié)構(gòu)中, whom, which不能省略。例如:
Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers?你知道附近有可以買到花的商店嗎?
That is the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.剛才和我爸爸交談的那個(gè)人是校長(zhǎng)。
二、在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如:
Mr Green, whom you know, is the tallest in our school. 格林先生是我們學(xué)校里最高的,你也認(rèn)識(shí)他。
The elephant is like a spear, as anyone can see. 大象像長(zhǎng)矛,任何人都知道。
三、在the same ... as, such ... as, as ... as, the same... that結(jié)構(gòu)中, as, that 即使作賓語(yǔ),也不能省略。例如:
I have bought the same bike as you (have). (指同類用as)我買了一輛和你的一樣的自行車。
This is the same book that I read the day before yesterday. 這就是我前天讀過的那本書。(關(guān)系代詞that如要換成as, 則指與我讀的書一樣,而不是同一本。)
四、當(dāng)and, but, or等連詞連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的定語(yǔ)從句修飾一個(gè)先行詞時(shí),關(guān)系代詞第一個(gè)可省略,第二、第三個(gè)等不可省略。例如:
This is the book (which) I read yesterday and which I found very interesting. 這就是我昨天讀的那本書,它很有趣。
You have many people around you (whom) you always turn to and whom you will never forget.你身邊有很多人,你經(jīng)常向他們求助,你永遠(yuǎn)不要忘記他們。
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