2016年托�？荚囎魑姆段谋乇�

　　備考2016年托�？荚噷懽黝}型，期間參看一些范文，對(duì)提高寫作水平是有幫助的。以下小編分享2016年首場(chǎng)托�？荚嚨膶懽鞣段�，希望幫助到各位考生。

　　Some people think it is the best approach for students to learn if school start the day at a early time in the morning. But someone think the school should start the day at late time. Which one do you prefer? Use specific reasons and detailed examples to support your answer.

　　題目分析：這道題目早起上學(xué)和晚起上學(xué)都有充足的理由說明，是一道比較類題目，對(duì)于簡單的題目，同學(xué)們積累好素材，寫出深意就更能得高分了。這篇文章和下面的素材完美結(jié)合，同學(xué)們平時(shí)可以在業(yè)余時(shí)間瀏覽新聞，積累素材。

　　開頭段：

　　Have you experienced struggling with your pillow every morning? Have you ever choked with the traffic jams in the rush hour? Have you ever felt sleepy in the first class? No matter what scientific evidence shows us the advantages of having class early, there is a new research from Mark Fischetti of Scientific America convince us that students' efficiency can be improved by going to school later. I totally agree with the statement for it’s beneficial for both of students and teachers.

　　第二段：

　　First, students' efficiency can be elevated. Under the excessive burden, students always stay up late and that’s why their sleep time has been shrunk. If they are forced to get up early, their whole day will be windy. Thus, students would waste the most substantial content of study, nevertheless, students would be more fresh and have concentrations on the class. According to Kyla Wahlstrom, director of the Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement at the University of Minnesota. She made a research in Minnesota February that tracked 9000 students in eight public high schools in Minnesota, Colorado and Wyoming. After one semester, when school began at 8:35 a.m. or later, grades earned in math, English, science and social studies typically rose a quarter step—for example, up halfway from B to B+. This conclusion perfectly convinces everyone that students should get up later.

　　第三段：

　　Second, we should follow students' biological system. Adolescents' physiology has greatly altered from their childhood because of melatonin. The later the delay, the greater the payoff. Following their biological change can make them healthy and wealthy. Take me as an example, as a teacher, most of my students would like to finish their homework and chat with friend until the mid night. They can't control their biological clock, which makes they fell very sleepy in the first class. Moreover the rate of being on duty is lower compared with other time periods.

　　第四段：

　　Third, traffic problems can be released. One should know that big cities have the traffic jams all the time, which makes students choked with the road and can’t get rid of it. Moreover, students who live far away from the school are hurry to get catch up with the early classes. If schools postpone their time to be later, it will help them stagger the rush time of traffic. Nevertheless, students would start their study restlessly, which influences their mood not mention to the study efficiency. A study in 2012 from California public schools shows that students can avoid transportation problems by changing their class time. What’ more, their literature and math scores are higher on the average.

　　結(jié)尾段：

　　To conclude, getting up early and attend class are good for both of students and teachers. I suggest that school should postpone their class time and improve students’ efficiency.

　　素材補(bǔ)充

　　我們都有過早上起來與被窩作斗爭，最后不得不睡眼惺忪地去上學(xué)的經(jīng)歷。這種現(xiàn)象可不是中國特有的——大洋對(duì)岸的美國家長、學(xué)生還有老師們也時(shí)常爭論，中學(xué)的上課時(shí)間是不是太早了。而在過去的3年間有越來越多的研究表明，推遲上課時(shí)間有助提高學(xué)習(xí)的效果，并且上課時(shí)間越晚越好。

　　生物學(xué)研究顯示，人在幼童時(shí)期傾向于早睡早起;而當(dāng)人步入青少年時(shí)期后，晝夜節(jié)律會(huì)發(fā)生改變，導(dǎo)致青少年睡得更晚，起得也更晚。這種改變是由大腦內(nèi)褪黑素的變化引起的，這一過程大約開始于13歲，在15到16歲明顯增強(qiáng)，而在17到19歲時(shí)達(dá)到高峰。

　　那么這個(gè)現(xiàn)象會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)效果產(chǎn)生影響嗎?根據(jù)明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)應(yīng)用研究與教育改進(jìn)中心主任凱拉·瓦爾斯特隆今年2月發(fā)表的論文，答案是肯定的。她跟蹤調(diào)查了在明尼蘇達(dá)州、科羅拉多州和懷俄明州的8所公立中學(xué)里就讀的9000多名學(xué)生。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果上課時(shí)間調(diào)整到早上8：35或者更晚，一個(gè)學(xué)期之后，學(xué)生們的數(shù)學(xué)、英語、科學(xué)和社會(huì)學(xué)成績普遍提高了1/4個(gè)等級(jí)，例如從B提高到了B與B+的中間位置。

　　另有兩篇由瓦爾斯特隆評(píng)議但還未發(fā)表的研究論文也獲得了相似的結(jié)論。在美國空軍學(xué)院進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)對(duì)照實(shí)驗(yàn)也驗(yàn)證了這一結(jié)論，因?yàn)樵诖髮W(xué)一年級(jí)時(shí)不同組的學(xué)員開始上課的時(shí)間不同。此外，2012年一項(xiàng)研究顯示，由于交通問題導(dǎo)致北卡羅來納州不同地區(qū)的學(xué)校上課時(shí)間不同，結(jié)果上課時(shí)間較晚的學(xué)校，學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)和閱讀成績較高。還有其它研究表明，推遲上課時(shí)間可以提高出勤率，以及減少青少年抑郁和交通事故的發(fā)生率。這些都因?yàn)橥睃c(diǎn)上課可以讓青少年獲得更充足的睡眠。

　　多項(xiàng)研究表明，與把上課時(shí)間從早上7:15調(diào)到7:45的學(xué)校相比，上課時(shí)間從7:30改為8:00的學(xué)校里的學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成績有更大幅度的提高。來自巴西、意大利和以色列的研究也獲得了相似的結(jié)論。之所以上課時(shí)間推遲會(huì)獲得這些好處，其關(guān)鍵是青少年保證了至少8個(gè)小時(shí)的充足睡眠，而如果能達(dá)到9小時(shí)就更好了。相比之下，在歐洲，很少有中學(xué)會(huì)在上午9點(diǎn)以前開始上課。

　　不支持推遲上課時(shí)間的人們?cè)鴵?dān)心這樣會(huì)影響學(xué)生的正常作息。不過結(jié)果表明，學(xué)生們?cè)谶M(jìn)行課余活動(dòng)或是兼職工作時(shí)，并沒有受到上課時(shí)間改變的影響。研究結(jié)果甚至對(duì)校車接送問題也提供了更好的解決辦法。許多學(xué)校都是先接中學(xué)生上學(xué)，然后再接小學(xué)生，而將這一順序調(diào)換可以讓高中生們的上學(xué)時(shí)間推遲。這樣做除了可以讓他們受益之外，對(duì)他們的弟弟妹妹們也有好處——有研究表明幼兒在早晨更清醒，更愿意學(xué)習(xí)。

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